Interstitial cystitis (bladder pain syndrome)
Ureter injury during pelvic surgery
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (atrophic vaginitis)
Stress urinary incontience is the most common type of urinary incontinence during pregnancy, due to decreased pelvic floor muscle and urethral sphincter strength as well as increased bladder pressure from the fetal presenting part and the weight of the gravid uterus. A small pool of urine in the posterior vagina may be seen on speculum examination because urine can become trapped in the vagina (ie, retrograde vaginal voiding) during pregnancy due to effects of the growing uterus and positional changes while voiding.